Irbis system for libraries training. Abstract Library and Information System “Irbis. Description and main characteristics of the "irbis" system

Introduction

1. Library automation system IRBIS

Conclusion

Full compatibility with international formats UNIMARC, MARC21. and Russian communication format RUSMARC

The system supports an arbitrary number of databases that make up the Electronic Catalog or are problem-oriented bibliographic databases. The technology of automatic formation of dictionaries has been introduced, on the basis of which a quick search is implemented for any elements of the description and their combinations; tools for maintaining and using Authoritative Files, Alphabetical and Subject Index to UDC/LBC and Thesaurus;

The program implements support for traditional "paper" technologies: from printing order sheets and a summary book to printing all types of index cards; support for full texts, graphic data and other external objects (including Internet resources).

The program allows you to use technologies focused on the use of barcodes on copies of publications and library cards.

The system includes tools for translating user interfaces into other languages.

A wide range of service tools provides convenience and clarity of user interfaces that simplify the input process, eliminating errors and duplication of information.

The system can be easily adapted to the conditions of a particular library.

Openness allows the user to independently make changes in a wide range: from changing input and output forms to developing original applications.

The system implements all standard library technologies, including technologies for acquisition, systematization, cataloging, reader search, lending and administration, based on the interconnected functioning of five types of automated workstations (AWS):

Workstation "Assembler"

AWS "Catalogizer"

AWP "Reader"

AWP "Book Loan"

Workstation "Administrator"

ARM "BOOKSECURITY"

AWS "Komplektator" allows to carry out:

Preliminary description and execution of order documents for books and other publications with the possibility of using machine-readable plans of publishers; order fulfillment control;

Registration of receipt of literature, input of primary data for the book of total accounting (KSU);

Transfer of descriptions for cataloging and information about additional equipment to the electronic catalog;

Subscription of periodicals (subscription cards and order sheets) with the possibility of using machine-readable subscription catalogs; subscription renewal;

Transfer of descriptions of periodicals to the electronic catalog with subsequent registration of regular receipts;

Write-off of literature - including the processes of disposal of literature from the fund and its transfer from one unit to another;

Standard output forms - inventory lists, sheets of the KSU, final data on the receipt of literature in the fund, acts of writing off literature, etc.

The AWP "Catalogizer" processes all types of publications, including audio and video materials, electronic resources, cartographic materials, notes, etc., any completeness of description, including the contents of journals and the content of collections.

Description of periodicals can be obtained at the summary level and at the level of individual issues and "files", taking into account information about the articles included in them.

In the "Catalogizer" the technology of indexing publications (systematization, subjectization) includes the automatic formation of the author's mark and the apparatus for navigating the SRSTI rubricator, the UDC / LBC alphabetical-subject index, the authoritative file of subject headings and thesaurus.

Data copying technology eliminates re-entry when creating similar and related bibliographic descriptions, in particular, when creating analytical descriptions.

The program has a system of formal-logical control of data, both at the level of individual bibliographic elements, and at the level of description as a whole, and the original technology of automatic double-checking, which excludes re-entry into the electronic catalog.

With the help of the "Catalogizer" the problem of book supply and non-inventory accounting of multi-copy literature for university libraries can be solved.

As output forms are used - indexes, inventory lists, lists of non-received issues of journals, etc.

AWP "Administrator" is a workplace of a specialist who performs system operations on databases in general, aimed at maintaining their relevance, integrity and safety.

The automated workstation "Knigovydacha" workstation implements the technology of forming and maintaining a queue of electronic orders for the issuance of literature and fixing their execution, as well as the technology of fixing the return of literature. Using the program, you can get up-to-date information on free copies of ordered literature, on issued literature and readers who have it on hand.

Accounting for information about the issuance / return of literature is carried out in individual cards (documents) of readers. The program allows you to get statistics on debts and the demand for literature. A special lending technology based on bar-coding of copies and library cards has also been implemented.

AWP "Reader" is characterized by a friendly interface designed for a user who does not have any special knowledge. The program takes into account various levels of user training. The undoubted advantage of the system is a wide range of search tools that provide a quick (by direct access through dictionaries) search in the electronic catalog databases for any description elements and their combinations. It is possible to work with several databases that make up the electronic catalog. The user has the opportunity to use paperless technology for the formation of an order for the issuance of literature.

AWS "BOOK SUPPORT" is designed to maintain a database of academic disciplines associated with databases of readers (students) and catalogs. A friendly interface displays all options for links between academic disciplines, students and literature.

The calculation of book supply coefficients is carried out taking into account the following provisions:

Determining the number of students and the number of copies online,

Accounting for the possibility of students using one textbook for several disciplines,

Accounting for the availability of copies intended for certain categories of students ("dedicated funds"),

Accounting for the possibility of multiple use of the textbook consistently by different groups of students during one semester;

The program provides for the formation of tables of book supply coefficients for any subset of literature for a given semester and the formation of various output forms, including "Provision of students with literature from the university fund" in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education.

Software Web-IRBIS is designed to provide Internet users with access to electronic catalogs and other bibliographic databases of IRBIS. Web-IRBIS is used as one of the main components of library Internet servers and Internet complexes.

All functions are fully managed by the administrator, including setting up search forms, adding and deleting search fields, setting their attributes, enabling rubricators and static dictionaries. Elements of support for electronic document delivery services and direct access to full texts (if available) based on search results have been introduced. Authorized access technology is not built on the level of standard web server methods, but on the basis of original solutions using dynamically generated pages and form-file libraries. This was first implemented with the aim of increasing the ability to adapt to specific conditions and increase resistance to unauthorized access. Web-IRBIS has a built-in support for including links to full texts of documents in the electronic catalogue. At the same time, a free technology for generating links in the form of a URL is implemented, which allows using it not only to form your own collection of full texts, but also to catalog and include Internet resources in the database, which is extremely important in modern conditions. Thus, Web-IRBIS can be used as a basic technology for creating virtual and electronic libraries. The link creation process is quite simple and fully integrated with the IRBIS technology. Web-IRBIS provides high speed of execution of queries of varying complexity. Web-IRBIS provides support for extended formats, setting output parameters; allows the use of advanced query generation tools, the use of several terms in one field; has advanced service functions.

Web-IRBIS is based on the following set of main components:

1. A module for providing communication between a web server and a database created on the basis of CGI technology for Apache web servers, WebSite. In addition, it enables the software to work with any other servers that support this technology, which is the standard for running applications on the Internet. IIS uses internal API support technology. Modules using CGI are implemented as executable programs, API - as dynamic libraries. These modules are the only ones specific to various web servers - all the others do not depend on the type of specified servers and methods of interaction.

2. Modules of search and formatting of results are common for Web-IRBIS and IRBIS and are made in the form of dynamic libraries. They are controlled by the communication module and provide search and output of pre-formatted results in accordance with the passed parameters. The final formatting and conversion to HTML is done by the communication module.

3. Library of form-files - the basis of secure authorized access technology. The developed algorithm will allow not to permanently store search pages and results output pages - they are created upon receipt of a request to perform an operation and are deleted after the process is completed. Therefore, it is impossible to make unauthorized access to all modes from the Internet.

4. Technological databases. Contains information about the registration of remote users and received orders.

5. Tree of static pages. Used for initial study and as examples for designing your server.

The main system characteristics of Web-IRBIS are as follows:

Full compatibility with all components of the IRBIS family;

Unified technology for servicing local and remote users;

Unified technology for servicing requests received online and by e-mail;

Full compatibility of descriptions of input worksheets to ensure the cataloging process with the network version of the system;

Possibility of using a single bibliographic array both for technological operations and for serving local and remote users;

Availability of support functions for electronic libraries, electronic document delivery and MBA;

Availability of support functions for distributed corporate systems and multi-branch networks;

Availability of a simple and convenient system of billing and authorization of users;

Ability to work with any number of bibliographic databases, including simultaneously;

Possibility of forming a request in fixed and free forms using most information retrieval operations;

Ability to use any user-defined output formats, including RUSMARC, UNIMARC, MARC21.

Web-IRBIS system user can perform a number of basic operations:

1) Search in an arbitrary database with the IRBIS structure, by an unlimited number of fields, by any description elements and their combinations, with the ability to determine prefixes and qualifiers of search terms, normalize words and use the truncation apparatus

2) Use when searching for static dictionaries and rubricators included in search forms or connected from outside, with the possibility of combining elements of dictionaries with any other search prescriptions;

3) The use of dynamic database dictionaries, with the possibility of obtaining a list of dictionary terms with subsequent search for the selected terms; navigation through dictionaries, including setting the start of scanning by the first characters, and in terms of "next", "previous";

4) Display of records from an arbitrary database in all types of standard formats, including information, in the form of a catalog card, in labels and decoded RUSMARC, UNIMARC, MARC21. It is possible to use any formats defined by the user in the IRBIS notation;

5) Quantization of output records in a format defined by the user, followed by navigation in terms of "next", "previous";

6) Selection of records from among those found, with their subsequent processing, including unloading the selected records in standard formats RUSMARC, UNIMARC, MARC21;

7) Cataloging in three modes:

cataloging new or read documents by number;

cataloging the found portion of documents;

cataloging of imported documents;

Web-IRBIS is a reliable and convenient platform for the implementation of library Internet applications and their subsequent integration into a single library Internet complex. Web-IRBIS is constantly being improved and modified, new functions and features are being added, integration with other subsystems of the IRBIS family is deepening. The outsourcing service department IRBIShost was built on its basis. User support is provided both in the traditional way and through the system of Internet conferences.

At present, the IRBIS64 subsystem has been created in the State Public Library for Science and Technology of Russia to create full-text databases. Documents of these databases can be texts in TXT, DOC, RTF, PDF, HTM, HTML formats. This subsystem implements semantic analysis of texts. Approaches to solving the problem of semantic text processing can be formulated as the following steps:

1. Creation of a full-text database from an array of texts.

2. Natural-thematic classification of texts based on the selection of significant terms of the subject area. Thematic classification allows you to compare texts with each other in terms of their similarity in meaning. A thematic classifier is a set of thematic dictionaries, which includes terms that are significant in a given subject area.

The IRBIS64 full-text database subsystem includes:

1. Extended workstation “Administrator”, which, in addition to standard functions, includes additional modes for working with full-text databases.

2. Workstation of the end user (reader) for searching and viewing in full-text databases. This AWS implements special search algorithms:

Search by query in natural language.

Search for similar texts to text from a full-text database in a user-defined thematic context.

Search for similar texts to external (in relation to the full-text database) text in a user-defined thematic context.

In addition to the end user (reader), the system is focused on the user-expert, whose task is the preliminary work on the creation of a full-text database and the natural-thematic classification of texts. In addition, the system will allow experts and classifiers to work with full-text collections of the library in the mode of intellectual semantic analysis of texts. (All these functions are implemented in the extended workstation “Administrator”).

2. Implementation and use of IRBIS

The selection management process and the selection of software for library automation tasks, as well as implementation, can be represented by the following components:

1. Determination of the types of work that are subject to automation.

2. Correspondence of software capabilities to automation tasks.

3. Determining the required computing resources for automation.

4. Presentation of the main stages of software implementation and preparation of a preliminary plan.

5. Analysis of the received data and making a final decision.

6. Settings. Technological issues of software.

7. Administration of the program.

For automation it is necessary:

Qualified personnel;

Support for the main goals of automation by the team, founder, sponsors;

Availability of consultants who participated in similar projects;

Proven (tested) software.

The process of implementing any automation system in libraries can be viewed from different angles. First, it is an administrative component; it is perhaps the most important at the stage of choosing software and creating technological interaction between system users. Secondly, this is a professional component, the one that allows a person whose work is automated to work comfortably in this program. And the third component is the user of library resources, the person who receives bibliographic information at the output of the entire automated chain.

The introduction of any software product (especially licensed and expensive) should begin with an acquaintance with its demo version.

By implementing the IRBIS program, libraries are faced with the need for a deep study of the library's technological processes and their optimization. This sometimes requires the creation of a new structural unit, for example, the sector of technological support of library processes, which is responsible for compliance with the technology of work in the IRBIS environment, analyzes the processes, develops optimal and coordinated solutions for the implementation (and further operation) of the program modules.

Automation of any work site requires additional costs for the period of "transition" of technologies. At the same time, it is necessary to support financially both traditional technologies and more and more voracious new ones. Depending on the needs and capabilities of libraries, the process of mastering new technologies can be either very slow or very fast.

For the successful functioning of the IRBIS system, it may be necessary to significantly modernize the park of computer equipment, organize new automated workplaces. To implement barcoding technology, it is necessary to purchase a thermal transfer printer, hand-held laser scanners.

For the implementation of IRBIS, it is necessary to develop a plan for the implementation of the system, including technical, technological, organizational and methodological aspects, as well as retraining of personnel. As a rule, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:

Upgrade your PC and peripherals fleet:

Train the staff to work in the IRBIS environment;

Convert existing EC and DB libraries;

Implement modules "Picker", "Catalogizer", "Reader", "Book lending", using bar coding technology to serve readers and fund management;

Upgrade WEB-site of the library and publish the database using IRBIS technology.

First of all, it is necessary to analyze the existing database technology and determine the sequence of work, as well as the resources necessary for their implementation.

It is obvious that one of the key issues of mastering IRBIS is personnel training, overcoming psychological barriers that inevitably arise both for those who start using computer technologies for the first time (employees of the subscription departments) and for the personnel of departments who have successfully worked for several years using other programs, for example, “Library” (in the latter case, this is due to the fundamental differences that exist between the programs IRBIS and “Library”). The advanced training plan must be drawn up taking into account the level of knowledge of computer technologies of specific employees (based on preliminary testing and questioning). The plan may provide for the solution of various tasks: from acquiring initial skills in working with a PC, mastering Windows OS, to a detailed study of individual IRBIS modules.

According to the plan, the development of IRBIS should be carried out in several directions at once, which requires the wide involvement of the personnel of most departments, well-thought-out and interconnected decisions.

At the stage of creating the terms of reference for converting from previously used programs, difficulties may arise due to the non-compliance of the library EC records with the requirements of the USMARC format, incorrect filling of the fields by the library catalogers. Therefore, it is required to analyze almost every field of the CI. Those fields that cannot be corrected by software must be edited manually. Creation of terms of reference also requires an in-depth study of the USMARC, UNIMARC, RUSMARC formats.

Thus, as a result of the work carried out, it is possible not only to prepare the database for conversion, but also to significantly improve the quality of the EC and DB of the library, and improve the skills of employees in the field of machine-readable formats.

With the help of bar coding technology, the following tasks are solved:

1. Acceleration of the processes of issuing and receiving literature, reducing the time for the reader to wait for a book to 10 minutes;

2. Simplification of the issuance and return of literature for the reader (refusal of book forms and reader requirements);

3. Elimination of mechanical errors when receiving / issuing books;

4. Accelerating the processing of new receipts by reducing the number of transactions;

5. Saving money: sticking pockets and printing out book forms, purchasing reader forms becomes unnecessary.

Bar coding in the library is used not only to automate lending, but also inventory. However, human participation in the inventory process is quite large. And therefore the human factor plays an important role, which cannot be ignored.

It should be noted that when conducting an inventory, it is necessary to preliminarily or in parallel verify the correspondence of barcodes on labels to identifiable material assets. This requirement is due to the fact that one of the main problems is the so-called sorting, when, say, a barcode corresponding to the table is glued to a chair.

Another problem is the need to create a "snapshot" of the position of material assets at the time of the inventory. If during the inventory process the movement of material assets does not stop, then some bar codes may not be read, and then the system will display a shortage message, although the corresponding values ​​are available.

The issues discussed above must be mandatory checked during the inventory, which will reduce the errors of inspectors to zero. Otherwise, the reliability of the inventory results may be questionable.

The introduction of automated technology is preceded by a lot of preparatory work, an action plan for the implementation should be drawn up new technology, priority areas of activity have been identified:

1. Purchase and installation of equipment, training of library staff;

2. Bulk printing of barcodes for books using hot start technology;

3. Assignment of a barcode of the active part of the fund (before issuance and after return);

4. Bulk printing of stickers for library cards. Assigning barcodes to library cards as readers come to subscribe to scientific literature.

At the next stage, it is necessary to develop terms of reference (TOR) for the creation of the database “Reader” (defining the list and content of fields, the composition of dictionaries). When creating TK, it is necessary to take into account the existing technology of working with the reader in the library: registration, re-registration, work with debtor readers, types of accounting documents, etc.

It should be noted that no automation system will work if:

The team is hostile (there is no motivation for implementation or, worse, there is a motivation for non-implementation);

There is no plan for the implementation of the automation system;

No one sees at least medium-term forecasts for the operation of such a system and does not guess what all this is for;

The stages of work of the automation program and responsible persons for the development of the tasks set are not defined;

There are no qualified performers of any of the stages of work.

At present, there is no automation software that satisfies all the needs of librarians, and, accordingly, is able to solve all of the above tasks. Therefore, the question of the directions of automation of each library, the use of one system of programs or work with several different software products to increase efficiency is especially acute.

Conclusion

The developer and distributor of the "IRBIS" system is the International Association of Users and Developers of Electronic Libraries and New information technologies. The founders of the Association: State. Public Scientific and Technical Library (SPNTB) of Russia, etc.

In Russia and the CIS countries, the IRBIS system is one of the recognized leaders among software products of this kind. Currently, IRBIS is used in hundreds of libraries of various sizes and profiles. A distinctive feature of IRBIS is that it is focused on users who are not high-level specialists in computer technology. The use of IRBIS, of course, greatly expands the possibilities in servicing library readers. Irbis has ample opportunities to adapt to the working conditions of a particular library, i.e. when the system is handed over and installed, it can be customized according to the specific requirements of the user.

The advantageous aspects of IRBIS are that:

all major library processes are automated as independent subsystems;

IRBIS meets international requirements and international library formats;

Russian interface greatly facilitates the development of IRBIS;

relative cheapness;

All typical library technologies are implemented in this system. These are technologies of acquisition, systematization, cataloging, reader's search, book lending.

There are five types of workstations in the system: "Picker", "Cataloger", "Reader", "Book lending", "Administrator".

The system allows you to create and maintain any number of databases that make up the electronic catalog. Dictionaries are automatically formed, a quick search is possible for any description elements and their combinations. Cataloging tools allow you to process and describe any kind of publications (books, magazines, videos, CD-ROMs). The system supports traditional "paper technologies": from printing order sheets to printing all types of index cards. The reader has the opportunity to search in the electronic catalog: by keywords, by author, by title, by year of publication, by UDC, by subject rubricator, etc.

The following order of implementation of Irbis in the library is recommended: Picker - Cataloger - Book lending - Reader. AWP Reader should be implemented only if the entire catalog (or a significant, important, requested part) has already been filled into the database. Otherwise, if there is very little, then there is no point in the Reader. In addition, the Reader is really needed for electronic lending, and for this you need to first introduce this lending. Almost every workstation is logically tied to some other, however, the Picker and Cataloger are connected not only logically, but also physically, so it is advisable to start the implementation with them.

Bibliography

Brodovsky A. I., Sboychakov K. O. A new generation of library automation system IRBIS — IRBIS64: from an electronic catalog to full-text databases // Libraries and associations in a changing world: new technologies and new forms of cooperation: Tr Conf. - M., 2004.

Brodovsky A. I., Sboychakov K. O. Full-text databases in the IRBIS64 system - Eighth International Conference and Exhibition "LIBCOM-2004", "Information technologies, computer systems and publishing products for libraries" November 15 - 19, 2004 http: //www.gpntb.ru/libcom4/index3.cfm?n=tez/doc1/doc8

Karaush A.S. Automated technology for creating communication fields in the IRBIS System // "Information technologies, computer systems and publishing products for libraries": Materials of MK "LIBCOM-2002". - M.: GPNTB of Russia, 2002. - S. 120-121.

Karaush A.S. Optimization & automation. Informatization tasks in librarianship // Librarianship - 2005. - No. 1. - C. 27-28.

Karaush A.S. Software for automatic synchronization of databases of the IRBIS system / A.S. Karaush, D.Yu. Kopytkov // Nauch. and tech. b-ki - 2003. - No. 10. - C. 88-91.

Lapo P.M., Sokolov A.V. Introduction to Digital Libraries, 2005. http://natlib.org.by/html/news2005/7july/data/PDF.pdf

International Association of Users and Developers of Digital Libraries and New Information Technologies (EBNIT Association) http://www.elnit.ru/

Sboychakov K. O. Prospects for the development of IRBIS in terms of using a system of semantic analysis of texts to create full-text knowledge repositories in a modern library / / Libraries and associations in a changing world: new technologies and new forms of cooperation: Proceedings of the Conf. - M., 2003. - T.1. - C.122-125.

Shraiberg Ya.L. Basic provisions and principles for the development of automated library and information systems and networks: Main trends in the environment, basic provisions and prerequisites, basic principles: Monograph. - M .: GPNTB of Russia, 2000.

International Association of Users and Developers of Digital Libraries and New Information Technologies (EBNIT Association) http://www.elnit.ru/